A Handbook of Varieties of English. Volume 2: Morphology and Syntax

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ISBN-13: 978-3110175325, ISBN-10: 3110175320

Book details

ISBN-10

3110175320
ISBN-13

978-3110175325
Publisher

Mouton De Gruyter
Publication date

December 10, 2004
Language

English
Dimensions

7.25 x 6.25 x 10.75 inches
Print length

2388 pages
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Description

Product Description

With more than 100 original contributions authored by widely acclaimed specialists in the field, this two-volume handbook is by far the most comprehensive reference work on phonology and the first-ever comprehensive overview of the morphology and syntax of varieties of English in the world. It covers all main national standard varieties, distinctive regional, ethnic, and social varieties, major contact varieties, as well as major ESL varieties. The contributions are descriptive survey articles with a common core, which makes the handbook invaluable from cross-dialectal and cross-linguistic perspectives. The contributions provide information on the historical and cultural backgrounds as well as the current sociolinguistic situations, and provide state-of-the-art reports on major issues in current research. The handbook is accompanied by a CD-ROM providing new sound material for each variety as well as interactive maps. It also includes comprehensive bibliographies and links to relevant websites. Together, the handbook and the CD-ROM are an indispensable reference work and research tool for sociolinguists, dialectologists, phonologists, grammarians, typologists, and specialists in contact languages and varieties of English around the world. Given its accessible style and its rich auditory and visual support, this handbook is also ideally suited for undergraduate and beginning graduate students. The editors are responsible for the following topics: . Kate Burridge/ Bernd Kortmann: Australia / Pacific Archipelagos . Bernd Kortmann: British Isles: Morphology and Syntax . Rajend Mesthrie: Africa / South and Southeast Asia . Edgar W. Schneider: The Americas / Caribbean . Clive Upton: British Isles: Phonology"

Review

"To get straight to the point: The Handbook of Varieties of English is a dream come true, especially so for those of us whose teaching responsibilities include courses on varieties of English around the world. Ý...¨ The editors have set their sights high - and managed to achieve them admirably. Ý...¨ this is the kind of reference work that comes along maybe once in a generation, and will revolutionize the ways in which we and our students can work with the English language." -- Monika S. Schmid

"These state-of-the-art volumes are a magnificent testimony to the incredible amount of research which has been carried out in the last quarter century on variation in English around the world. The editors should be heartily congratulated [...]"David Britain in: Journal of Linguistics 3/2007 "The editors have set their sights high - and managed to achieve them admirably. [...] this is the kind of reference work that comes along maybe oncein a generation, and will revolutionize the ways in which we and our students can work with the English language."Monika S. Schmid in: Linguist List 16.1740 "The handbook marks a milestone in the field of English linguistics."Holger Diessel in: Zeitschrift fur Sprachwissenschaft 11/2006 "This impressive reference presents the most up-to-date findings on the phonology (v.1), morphology, and syntax (v.2) for 60 varieties of English, including national standard; regional, ethnic, and social; pidgins and creoles; and the major English as a second language varieties of the British Isles, Americas and Caribbean, Pacific and Australasia, Africa, and South and Southeast Asia."Reference & Research Book News, 08/2005"

About the Author

Bernd Kortmann is Professor at the University of Freiburg/Breisgau, Germany. Edgar W. Schneider is Professor at the University of Regensburg, Germany. Kate Burridge is Professor at La Trobe University, Australia. Rajend Mesthrie is Professor at the University of Cape Town, South Africa. Clive Upton is Professor at Leeds University, United Kingdom.

Product information

Publisher

Mouton De Gruyter (December 10, 2004)

Language

English

Hardcover

2388 pages

ISBN-10

3110175320

ISBN-13

978-3110175325

Dimensions

7.25 x 6.25 x 10.75 inches

Table of Contents

Contents volume 1: Phonology Abbreviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Bernd Kortmann and Edgar W. Schneider General References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 The British Isles Bernd Kortmann and Clive Upton (eds.) Introduction: Varieties of English in the British Isles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Bernd Kortmann and Clive Upton English spoken in Orkney and Shetland: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Gunnel Melchers Scottish English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Jane Stuart-Smith Irish English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Raymond Hickey Welsh English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Robert Penhallurick English dialects in the North of England: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Joan Beal The English West Midlands: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Urszula Clark The dialect of East Anglia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Peter Trudgill The dialects in the South of England: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Ulrike Altendorf and Dominic Watt Channel Island English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Heinrich Ramisch Received Pronunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 Clive Upton British Creole: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Peter L. Patrick vi Contents The Americas and the Caribbean Edgar W. Schneider (ed.) Introduction: Varieties of English in the Americas and the Caribbean . . . . . 247 Edgar W. Schneider Standard American English pronunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 William A. Kretzschmar, Jr. New England: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270 Naomi Nagy and Julie Roberts New York, Philadelphia, and other northern cities: phonology . . . . . . . . . . 282 Matthew J. Gordon Rural Southern white accents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Erik R. Thomas The urban South: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 Jan Tillery and Guy Bailey The West and Midwest: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 Matthew J. Gordon English in Canada: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 Charles Boberg Newfoundland English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 Sandra Clarke African American Vernacular English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Walter F. Edwards Gullah: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 Tracey L. Weldon Cajun Vernacular English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 Sylvie Dubois and Barbara M. Horvath Chicano English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 Otto Santa Ana and Robert Bayley Bahamian English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Becky Childs and Walt Wolfram Jamaican Creole and Jamaican English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 Hubert Devonish and Otelemate G. Harry Eastern Caribbean English-derived language varieties: phonology . . . . . . 481 Michael Aceto Contents vii Bajan: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501 Renée Blake The creoles of Trinidad and Tobago: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508 Valerie Youssef and Winford James Suriname creoles: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525 Norval Smith and Vinije Haabo The Paci?c and Australasia Kate Burridge and Bernd Kortmann (eds.) Introduction: Varieties of English in the Paci?c and Australasia . . . . . . . . . 567 Kate Burridge and Bernd Kortmann New Zealand English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580 Laurie Bauer and Paul Warren Regional and social differences in New Zealand: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . 603 Elizabeth Gordon and Margaret Maclagan Maori English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614 Paul Warren and Laurie Bauer Australian English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625 Barbara M. Horvath Regional characteristics of Australian English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645 David Bradley Australian creoles and Aboriginal English: phonetics and phonology . . . . . 656 Ian G. Malcolm Bislama: phonetics and phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671 Terry Crowley Solomon Islands Pijin: phonetics and phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690 Christine Jourdan and Rachel Selbach Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710 Geoff P. Smith Hawai'i Creole: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729 Kent Sakoda and Jeff Siegel Fiji English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750 Jan Tent and France Mugler Norfolk Island-Pitcairn English: phonetics and phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780 John Ingram and Peter Mühlhäusler viii Contents Africa, South and Southeast Asia Rajend Mesthrie (ed.) Introduction: Varieties of English in Africa and South and Southeast Asia . 805 Rajend Mesthrie Nigerian English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813 Ulrike B. Gut Nigerian Pidgin English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831 Ben Elugbe Ghanaian English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842 Magnus Huber Ghanaian Pidgin English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866 Magnus Huber Liberian Settler English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 874 John Victor Singler Cameroon English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885 Augustin Simo Bobda Cameroon Pidgin English (Kamtok): phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902 Thaddeus Menang East African English (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania): phonology . . . . . . . . . . . 918 Josef Schmied White South African English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931 Sean Bowerman Black South African English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943 Bertus van Rooy Indian South African English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953 Rajend Mesthrie Cape Flats English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 964 Peter Finn St. Helena English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 985 Sheila Wilson Indian English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 992 Ravinder Gargesh Pakistani English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1003 Ahmar Mahboob and Nadra Huma Ahmar Contents ix Singapore English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1017 Lionel Wee Malaysian English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1034 Loga Baskaran Philippine English: phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1047 Ma. Lourdes G. Tayao Synopses The editors Synopsis: Phonological variation in the British Isles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063 Clive Upton Synopsis: Phonological variation in the Americas and the Caribbean . . . . . 1075 Edgar W. Schneider Synopsis: Phonetics and phonology of English spoken in the Paci?c and Australasian region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1089 Kate Burridge Synopsis: The phonology of English in Africa and South and Southeast Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1099 Rajend Mesthrie Global Synopsis: Phonetic and phonological variation in English world-wide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1111 Edgar W. Schneider Index of subjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1139 Index of varieties and languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents volume 2: Morphology and Syntax Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Bernd Kortmann and Edgar W. Schneider General References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 The British Isles Bernd Kortmann and Clive Upton (eds.) Introduction - Varieties of English in the British Isles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Bernd Kortmann and Clive Upton English spoken in Orkney and Shetland: morphology, syntax and lexicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Gunnel Melchers Scottish English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Jim Miller Irish English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Markku Filppula Welsh English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Robert Penhallurick English dialects in the North of England: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . 114 Joan Beal The dialect of East Anglia: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Peter Trudgill English dialects in the Southwest: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Susanne Wagner The varieties of English spoken in the Southeast of England . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Liselotte Anderwald British Creole: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 Mark Sebba The Americas and the Caribbean Edgar W. Schneider (ed.) Introduction - Varieties of English in the Americas and the Caribbean . . . 211 Edgar W. Schneider vi Contents Colloquial American English: grammatical features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Thomas E. Murray and Beth Lee Simon Appalachian English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Michael B. Montgomery Rural and ethnic varieties in the Southeast: morphology and syntax . . . . . 281 Walt Wolfram Newfoundland English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 Sandra Clarke Urban African American Vernacular English: morphology and syntax . . . . 319 Walt Wolfram Earlier African and American English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . 341 Alexander Kautzsch Gullah: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 Salikoko S. Mufwene Chicano English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 Robert Bayley and Otto Santa Ana Bahamian English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Jeffrey Reaser and Benjamin Torbert Jamaican Creole: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 Peter L. Patrick Eastern Caribbean English-derived language varieties: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439 Michael Aceto The creoles of Trinidad and Tobago: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . 454 Winford James and Valerie Youssef Surinamese creoles: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482 Donald Winford and Bettina Migge Belize and other central American varieties: morphology and syntax . . . . 517 Geneviève Escure The Paci?c and Australasia Kate Burridge and Bernd Kortmann (eds.) Introduction - Varieties of English in the Paci?c and Australasia . . . . . . . . 547 Kate Burridge and Bernd Kortmann Contents vii New Zealand English: morphosyntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 Marianne Hundt, Jennifer Hay and Elizabeth Gordon Australian English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593 Peter Collins and Pam Peters Australian Vernacular English: some grammatical characteristics . . . . . . . . 611 Andrew Pawley Hypocoristics in Australian English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643 Jane Simpson Australian creoles and Aboriginal English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . 657 Ian G. Malcolm Bislama: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682 Terry Crowley Solomon Islands English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702 Christine Jourdan Tok Pisin: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720 Geoff Smith Hawai'i Creole: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742 Kent Sakoda and Jeff Siegel Fiji English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 770 France Mugler and Jan Tent Norfolk Island-Pitcairn English (Pitkern Norfolk): morphology and syntax 789 Peter Mühlhäusler Africa, South and Southeast Asia Rajend Mesthrie (ed.) Introduction - Varieties of English in Africa and South and Southeast Asia 805 Rajend Mesthrie Nigerian English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813 M.A. Alo and Rajend Mesthrie Nigerian Pidgin English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828 Nicholas Faraclas Ghanaian English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 854 Magnus Huber and Kari Dako Ghanaian Pidgin English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866 Magnus Huber viii Contents Liberian Settler English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879 John Victor Singler Cameroon English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 898 Paul Mbangwana Cameroon Pidgin English (Kamtok): morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . 909 Miriam Ayafor East African English (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania): morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929 Josef Schmied White South African English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 948 Sean Bowerman Black South African English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962 Rajend Mesthrie Indian South African English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 974 Rajend Mesthrie Cape Flats English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993 Kay McCormick St. Helena English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1006 Sheila Wilson and Rajend Mesthrie Indian English: syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1016 Rakesh M. Bhatt Butler English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1031 Priya Hosali Pakistani English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1045 Ahmar Mahboob Singapore English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1058 Lionel Wee Malaysian English: morphology and syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1073 Loga Baskaran Synopses The editors Synopsis: morphological and syntactic variation in the British Isles . . . . . . 1089 Bernd Kortmann Contents ix Synopsis: morphological and syntactic variation in the Americas and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104 Edgar W. Schneider Synopsis: morphological and syntactic variation in the Paci?c and Australasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1116 Kate Burridge Synopsis: morphological and syntactic variation in Africa and South and Southeast Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1132 Rajend Mesthrie Global Synopsis: morphological and syntactic variation in English . . . . . . 1142 Bernd Kortmann and Benedikt Szmrecsanyi Index of subjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1203 Index of varieties and languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1221

Bernd Kortmann and Edgar W. Schneider
Editors